Toast the Spices: Heat oil in a pan over low heat. Add peppercorns, mustard, cumin, coriander, and fenugreek. Toast until fragrant. Add dried chilies and curry leaves; sauté until crisp. Stir in turmeric and asafoetida, then remove from heat.
Grind to Powder: Once cooled, grind the toasted spices into a fine powder using a spice grinder or high-speed blender.
Cook the Tamarind: Heat 3 tbsp oil in a pan. Add the strained tamarind pulp and simmer until the raw aroma disappears.
Thicken the Paste: Add jaggery and salt. Continue cooking until the mixture becomes thick and glossy. Fold in the prepared spice powder, mix well, and set aside.
Prepare the Rice: Rinse rice until water runs clear. Boil 2 cups of water, add rice and a pinch of salt. Cover and simmer on low for 10 minutes. Let it rest for 5 minutes, then fluff gently with a fork.
Prepare the Tempering: Heat 1 tbsp oil in a small skillet. Add chickpeas and black gram; sauté until golden. Add peanuts and cashews, toasting until brown.
Final Aromatics: Stir in mustard seeds, dry coconut, and curry leaves. Sauté for 30 seconds until the coconut is lightly toasted.
Assemble: Pour the hot tempering over the fluffed rice. Add the tamarind paste.
Gentle Mix: Using a spatula (or clean hands), gently fold the paste and tempering into the rice until every grain is evenly coated and vibrant orange-brown. Serve at room temperature for the best flavor.